Production of Wheat in India and Trade Status Around the World

Wheat is the most staple food consumed across the world. The dependence on it can be gauged from the fact that wheat alone is traded as much as combine of other agricultural commodity in the world. In India too, there is a heavy dependency on wheat. The wheat and its related family are mainly grown in northern parts of India. Some of the leading states producing wheat are Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana and Madhya Pradesh. As a matter of fact, wheat is one of the most important cereal crops grown worldwide and feeds almost 2.5 billion of world’s population. Top wheat’s exporters in India have been making the most of the demand for the crop in the international market. It is also rich in carbohydrates, vitamins and proteins and provides a balanced diet. India remains the fourth largest producer of wheat after Russia, USA and China.

Condition For Cultivation and Growth: Cultivation of wheat is more flexible than rice. Wheat is a Rabi crop while rice is a KHARIF Crop. Being a Rabi crop, it is sown in the beginning of winter and harvested at the start of summer. In countries outside India with different climatic and weather condition, there may be a difference in the time of sowing and harvesting. In the states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and West Bengal, the crop is sowed in September-October and harvesting in the month of January/February while in the states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan; it is sowed in the beginning of October-November and harvested in the month of March/April. The ideal temperature for wheat cultivation is 10°-15°C (Winter Months) and 21°-26° (Summer Months). The temperature needs be low during the time of sowing; however, at the time of harvesting there should be high temperature for proper ripening of the crop. For the crop to thrive, annual rainfall should be in excess of 75 cm. the highest limitation for the rainfall should be 100 cm. The crop can also be grown in areas with less rainfall, provided it is irrigated well enough.

Production in India: Wheat is grown on approximately 13% of the cropped area of India. Production area and yield have considerably increased after the introduction of the green revolution. Despite many positive changes and outcomes, our yield per hectares is still low compared to countries like Russian Federation, the USA, China and Australia. As per many estimates, the yield can be increased up to 4000kg/hectares by using location specific technology including high quality seeds, proper fertilizers, and control of weeds, pests and diseases. There is a considerable disparity in the production of wheat among the Indian states. Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh alone contribute almost 50% of the total production. Over a period of time, there has been some positive change but still a lot needs to be done.

Constraint and Challenges to Wheat Production: Despite, good level of production, there are problems aplenty to sustain the momentum regarding the production. In India, a great percentage of land is under heat stress. In particular, Gangetic plains, central and peninsular India face significant pressure. It is estimated that an increase of 1°C may cause wheat yield to decrease by 4-6 million tons. Secondly, too much use of chemical, fertilizer and irrigation has degraded the soil fertility and also caused reduction in groundwater table. The emphasis on mono-cropping system has led to deterioration of soil quality. Going by this trend, the country will face a serious problem in utilization of scarce natural resources.

TRADOLOGIE.COM Facilitating Next-generation Wheat Trade: Technology has always been the enabler of path defining trade. Advent of internet and accelerated digitization changed the landscape of businesses. Communication over a long distance becomes possible due to the advent of internet and related technology. The new technology proved successful in causing re-intermediation instead of dis-intermediation. Entrepreneurs unleashed their enterprising spirit to make global trade much more easy and smooth. Companies like Alibaba, India mart and Trade India came into picture enabling bulk trade between buyers and sellers cutting out middle men and intermediaries from the trade. The no. of intermediaries was quite high in actual physical environment. Despite many positive changes buyers and sellers were still not getting the best value out of the trade as brokers could pose as actual sellers and buyers and manipulate actual cost. Identifying the service gap, TRADOLOGIE.COM has been set up to help Wheat suppliers in India. The platform boasts of 25,000 verified sellers and 208,000 buyers. Tradologie.com has been growing rapidly with gross merchandise value in excess of ₹ 28 Billion. TRADOLOGIE.COM has successfully emerged as an alternate supply chain for exporters and importers. The Pandemic caused a wide-scale disruption to the global supply chain. There is an urgent need for a digital solution to continue the trade. TRADOLOGIE.COM has the solution to all the procurement and delivery problems for the wheat industry. It provides a separate app for both sellers and buyers to facilitate trade in real-time and on the move. Physical boundaries are transcended effortlessly to deliver high-value solutions to both buyers and sellers. The USP of TRADOLOGIE.COM is the Negotiation Platform that allows sellers to quote prices to the buyer in real-time on a reverse bidding mechanism. The seller is able to Quote Prices while have 100% Genuine Market Insight while the buyer can see the whole spectrum of sellers and place orders after seeing the profile of participant sellers (including previous orders) and negotiating with them through counter offer mechanisms. Buyers and sellers need to furnish important documents like a letter of intent and complete the Payment Obligation using LC before the actual order is executed. Seller receives the payment only after the buyer is in possession of confirmation of dispatch of the commodity (as per the signed contract). Wheat exporters in India can connect with more than 208,000+ global buyers without any email or phone.